Zipangizo zoyeretsera zinyalala zakumidzi - kusanthula momwe zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zikuyendera

Monga tonse tikudziwa, kukonza zinyalala m'nyumba za anthu akumidzi kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi momwe anthu akumidzi alili kuti agwiritse ntchito njira yokhazikika, komanso nthawi yomweyo kukwaniritsa njira yogwiritsira ntchito bwino zinthu ndi kuwongolera kuipitsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala m'nyumba za anthu akumidzi pambuyo pokonza pang'ono kungachepetse ndalama zogulira zinyalala, kubwezeretsanso madzi a ulimi ndi zinthu za nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthaka yakumidzi komanso mphamvu yoyeretsera madzi. Chifukwa cha kufunika kokonza chilengedwe chakumidzi, kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala m'nyumba za anthu akumidzi kudzakhala cholinga cha nthawi yayitali cha chitukuko chokhazikika cha kukonza zinyalala.

Kugwira ntchito kwa malo osungiramo zinthu kuyenera kuchotsedwa mwachangu maganizo achibadwa

Pakadali pano, ku China kuyeretsa zinyalala zakumidzi, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito malo ophatikizika + njira zachilengedwe, koma kugwiritsa ntchito malo sikwabwino. Malo ena otsukira zinyalala ndi "kuchepetsa" kwa malo otsukira zinyalala akumatauni, ndalama zomangira, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza ndi zokwera, madera akumidzi ndi ovuta kuvomereza, komanso kunyalanyaza kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zakunyumba kuti zisunge gawo la chonde cha nthaka. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kochepa kwa chuma chakumidzi ndi ukadaulo, ntchito zambiri zotsukira zinyalala, kotero kuti madera ambiri a malo otsukira zinyalala, maukonde a mapaipi sangathe kumanga, sangakwanitse, kusowa kwa akatswiri ndi akatswiri oti aziyang'anira. Pakadali pano, kutsuka zinyalala zakumidzi kuyenera kuchepetsa ndalama zotsika monga zomangamanga ndi maukonde a mapaipi, kuchotsa malingaliro achibadwa, ndikulimbikitsa mitundu yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta kusamalira ya kutsuka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu moyenera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zofunika pa ntchito kumagogomezedwa mu miyezo yotulutsira zinthu

Ponena za miyezo yokhudza kutulutsa mpweya woipa m'nyumba za kumidzi, m'zaka zaposachedwapa, kuyeretsa pang'onopang'ono ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu mwanzeru kwakhala kukugogomezeredwa pang'onopang'ono mu miyezo yotulutsa mpweya woipa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za deta, maziko ofala kwambiri pakukhazikitsa miyezo ya malo otsukira ndi GB18918-2002, koma mu 2019, Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ndi Zachilengedwe unapereka "Malangizo Okonzekera Mafotokozedwe Okhudza Kuletsa Kuipa kwa Madzi a Malo Otsukira Madzi Oipa a Kumidzi (kuti ayesedwe)" (Kalata ya Nthaka ya Ofesi ya Zachilengedwe 〔2019〕 No. 403), yomwe imalimbikitsa kusankha mwanzeru ukadaulo wa nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous komanso kugwiritsa ntchito madzi akumbuyo. Pambuyo pake, miyezo yotulutsa mpweya woipa yomwe yatulutsidwa kumene m'zigawo ndi mizinda yachepetsanso zolinga zawo. Kuyeretsa pang'ono kwa madzi oipa a kumidzi kukugogomezeredwa ndikukwezedwa kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi, ndikuyika maziko a kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu mwanzeru.

Chitsogozo cha Chitukuko cha Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zinyalala M'madera Ena

Malo onyowa opangidwa ndi anthu ambiri masiku ano ndi ukadaulo wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zinyalala m'nyumba m'madera akumidzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinyalala za m'nyumba ku China kudakali pa siteji ya malo onyowa opangidwa ndi anthu, kukhazikika kwa dziwe komanso kuyeretsa nthaka. Popeza kuipitsa nthaka m'munda kuphatikizapo zinyalala za m'nyumba za m'midzi kwakhala gwero lalikulu la kuipitsa nthaka kumidzi ku China, kasamalidwe ka zitsime zonse, kuchepetsa magwero, kuletsa-kubwezeretsa zinthu, kubwezeretsanso zachilengedwe kudzakhala njira yopititsira patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka ulimi, kuwongolera kuipitsa nthaka. Mofananamo, zinyalala za m'nyumba za m'midzi ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za m'madera. Kulimbitsa ntchito yothandiza zachilengedwe zakumidzi kudzera mu kusintha kopangidwa, kuphatikiza malo oyeretsera madzi otayira m'nyumba akumidzi, omwe amadalira kuchepetsa chuma, ndi ulimi wobwezeretsanso, kuyambitsa njira zoyeretsera zachilengedwe zogwirizana ndi ulimi, komanso kupereka gawo lonse la malamulo, malo odyetserako zachilengedwe okha amagwira ntchito mwanjira yoti achepetse kupanga ndi kutulutsa zinthu zoipitsa.

Zomwe zili pamwambapa ndi zonse zomwe zili mu nkhaniyi, zambiri chonde samalani ndi LiDing kuteteza chilengedwe mu nkhani yotsatira. Li Ding wakhala akudzipereka pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kumanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zolumikizirana za zimbudzi zakumidzi kwa zaka khumi. Kudzera muukadaulo wopitilira, timayesetsa kupereka gawo lochepa pakukonzanso chilengedwe cha anthu. Zida zotetezera chilengedwe za Li Ding zotsukira zimbudzi zapakhomo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'madera ambiri akumidzi omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri.