Masiku ano, kuzindikira kwa anthu za kuteteza chilengedwe kukukulirakulira. Popeza kulimbikitsa "madzi amadzi ndi mapiri obiriwira ndi mapiri a golide ndi mapiri a siliva", kasamalidwe ka zinyalala zapakhomo ndi kutayira koyenera kwa zimbudzi zikuyendetsedwa mosalekeza. Komabe, m'madera ambiri akumidzi, malo okhalamo amakhala obwerera m'mbuyo, popanda kuthandizidwa ndi zipangizo zoyendera zimbudzi zakumidzi, ndipo malo awo aukhondo ndi osauka kwambiri, makamaka ponena za chithandizo cha madzi apakhomo, palibe choletsa chabwino, chomwe chimayambitsa kuipiraipira kwa chilengedwe, chuma chikuipiraipira, ndi moyo woipitsitsa.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zida zochotsera zimbudzi zakumidzi, ndipo zida zosiyanasiyana ndizoyenera nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
1. Zida zochotsera zimbudzi zapakhomo
Zimbudzi zapakhomo zimatanthawuza za zimbudzi zomwe zimatayidwa m'moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu, kuphatikiza zimbudzi zochokera m'nyumba, sukulu, zipatala ndi zina. M’madera akumidzi, popeza mulibe mipope ya madzi, mabanja ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito madzi a m’zitsime kapena m’mitsinje. Magwero amadziwa nthawi zambiri sakhala aukhondo, motero zida zotsukira zimbudzi zapakhomo ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Pakali pano, zodziwika bwino m'nyumba zida zimbudzi mankhwala zikuphatikizapo: kwachilengedwenso fyuluta, yokumba madambo, yogwira dziwe, etc. Zida zimenezi kudutsa zimbudzi kudzera njira zosiyanasiyana mankhwala kuchotsa zoipitsa ndi kukhala woyera ndi wopanda vuto.
2. Zida zochotsera zinyalala za ziweto
Makampani oweta ziweto kumidzi ndi njira yopezera ndalama kwa alimi, koma manyowa a ziweto ndi nkhuku ndi mkodzo zomwe zimatulutsidwa panthawi yoweta zidzaipitsa chilengedwe ndikusokoneza kwambiri moyo wa anthu ozungulira. Chifukwa chake, zida zochotsera zinyalala za ziweto ndi nkhuku ndizofunikanso pakuchotsa zimbudzi zakumidzi.
Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zinyalala za ziweto ndi nkhuku ndi monga: zida za biogas, madambo omangidwa, kulekanitsa nembanemba, ndi zina zotere. Zidazi zimakonza ndowe za ziweto ndi mkodzo kudzera munjira zakuthupi, zamankhwala kapena zachilengedwe kuti zichotse zowononga ndikuzipanga kukhala zosavulaza komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito.
M'madera akumidzi, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zowonongeka kwachimbudzi kudakali kochepa, ndipo zimbudzi zambiri zimatulutsidwa mwachindunji mumitsinje, zomwe sizikuwononga chilengedwe, komanso zimakhudza thanzi la anthu okhala m'deralo. Ndiye, ndi zida zotani zotsutsira zimbudzi zomwe zili zoyenera kumidzi? Tiyeni tikambirane pamodzi.
1. Zosefera zamoyo
Biofilter ndi chida chodziwika bwino chochotsera zinyalala, chomwe chimasintha zinthu zotayidwa m'zimbudzi kukhala zinthu zopanda organic kudzera pakuwonongeka kwachilengedwe, kuti tikwaniritse zotsatira za kuyeretsa madzi. Poyerekeza ndi zida zina, mtengo wa biofilter ndi wotsika, komanso mtengo wokonza ndi wotsika. Pa nthawi yomweyi, madzi oyeretsedwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi wothirira ndi zina.
2. Dambo lopangapanga
Madambo omangidwa ndi mtundu wa zida zoyeretsera zimbudzi zotengera chilengedwe cha madambo. Imatembenuza zinthu zovulaza m'zimbudzi kukhala zinthu zopanda vuto kudzera muzomera ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, komanso zimatha kuchotsa bwino michere monga nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous. Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zina, mtengo wa zomangamanga za madambo ochita kupanga ndi apamwamba, koma mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito ndi wotsika, ndipo sufuna ntchito ya akatswiri, choncho ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumidzi.
3. Anaerobic bioreactor
Anaerobic bioreactor ndi zida zochizira zimbudzi zomwe zimatha kuchita zinthu zachilengedwe pamalo opanda mpweya. Ikhoza kuchotsa bwino zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zakudya monga nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous m'zimbudzi. Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zina, mtengo wa anaerobic bioreactor ndi wapamwamba, koma umakhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono ndipo safuna mphamvu zambiri, choncho ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumidzi.
Mwachidule, zida zosiyanasiyana zochizira zimbudzi zili ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake, ndipo chofunikira kwambiri ndikusankha zida zomwe zimakuyenererani. Posankha zida zochizira zimbudzi, ndikofunikira kulingalira mozama molingana ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, kuphatikiza mphamvu zachuma, zofunikira zamadzi, zoteteza zachilengedwe ndi zina. Ndikukhulupirira kuti kudzera m'nkhaniyi, nditha kukupatsani maumboni angapo kuti ntchito yochotsa zimbudzi m'madera akumidzi ikhale yabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-25-2023