Zipangizo zotsukira zinyalala za m'tawuni ziyenera kukhala zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zowonjezera.

Dongosolo labwino kwambiri loyeretsera zinyalala m'matauni liyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu am'deralo, mawonekedwe a nthaka, momwe chuma chilili ndi zinthu zina, ndikusankha zida zoyenera zoyeretsera zinyalala komanso malo oyenera ogwirira ntchito. Grille ndi gawo loyamba mu dongosolo loyeretsera zinyalala, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka zinthu zazikulu zolimba. Grating ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: coarse grille ndi fine grille, coarse grille imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poletsa zinthu zazikulu zopachikidwa, monga masamba, matumba apulasitiki; fine grille imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poletsa zinthu zazing'ono zopachikidwa, monga sediment, zinyalala, ndi zina zotero. Tanki yotsekera mchenga imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa tinthu ta mchenga ndi tinthu tosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe tomwe tili ndi gawo lalikulu mu zinyalala. Kawirikawiri, thanki yoyeretsera zinyalala imayikidwa mu thanki yoyeretsera zinyalala, komanso mphamvu ya madzi otuluka m'zinyalala. Tanki yoyeretsera zinyalala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo loyeretsera zinyalala, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa zinthu zopachikidwa ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe m'zinyalala.

Thanki yoyamba yosungira madzi imayika zinthu zomwe zapachikidwa pansi kudzera mu mvula yachilengedwe kapena kukwapula matope, kenako imadutsa muzipangizo zotulutsira matope. Thanki yosungira madzi yachilengedwe ndiyo gawo lalikulu la njira yochotsera madzi a m'nyanja, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe ndikuchotsa zoipitsa monga ammonia nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri timalimidwa m'madzi achilengedwe, kuphatikiza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timayambitsa matenda a m'nyanja ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timayambitsa matenda, zomwe zimatha kusintha zinthu zachilengedwe kukhala zinthu zopanda vuto kudzera mu kagayidwe kazachilengedwe ka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Thanki yachiwiri yosungira madzi ndi thanki yosungira madzi pambuyo pa thanki yosungira madzi yachilengedwe, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa matope oyambitsidwa mu thanki yosungira madzi achilengedwe ndi madzi okonzedwa. Thanki yachiwiri yosungira madzi imakwapula matope oyambitsidwa kupita kumalo osonkhanitsira matope kudzera mu makina osungira madzi a m'nyanja kapena makina okoka matope, kenako matope oyambitsidwa amabwezedwa ku thanki yosungira madzi a m'nyanja kudzera muzipangizo zotulutsira madzi a m'nyanja. Zipangizo zochotsera matenda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono m'madzi a m'nyanja. Njira zofalitsira madzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kupha chlorination ndi kupha ozone.

Kuwonjezera pa zida zodziwika bwino zotsukira zinyalala zomwe zili pamwambapa, palinso zida zina zothandizira, monga chopukutira, chosakanizira, pampu yamadzi ndi zina zotero. Zipangizozi zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana pakutsuka zinyalala, monga kupereka mpweya, kusakaniza zinyalala, kunyamula zinyalala, ndi zina zotero.

Posankha ndi kufananiza zida zotsukira zinyalala, tiyenera kuganizira makhalidwe a tawuni ndi momwe zinthu zilili mumzinda. Mwachitsanzo, m'madera omwe ali ndi anthu ochepa komanso malo ovuta, zida zazing'ono komanso zodzitetezera ku zinyalala zitha kusankhidwa kuti zinyamulidwe mosavuta komanso kuyikidwa; m'madera omwe ali ndi chuma chabwino, zida zokhala ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba zitha kusankhidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, ndalama zosamalira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zidazo, komanso kusavuta komanso kudalirika kwa ntchitoyi, ziyenera kuganiziridwa.