Madzi otayira omwe amapangidwa m'zachipatala ndi gwero lapadera lakuipitsa chifukwa ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zinthu zapoizoni ndi mankhwala. Ngati madzi onyansa azachipatala atayidwa mwachindunji popanda chithandizo, adzawononga kwambiri chilengedwe, zachilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti chomera chamankhwala chochizira zimbudzi chizitsuka madzi otayira azachipatala.
Zowopsa zazikulu zamadzi otayidwa azachipatala zimawonekera makamaka m'magawo awa:
1. Kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: madzi owonongeka a zachipatala ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga mabakiteriya, mavairasi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi zina zotero. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi tambirimbiri tomwe timayambitsa matenda.
2. Kuipitsa zinthu zapoizoni: Madzi otayira m’mankhwala amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zapoizoni zosiyanasiyana, monga zitsulo zolemera, klorini, ayodini, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingawononge chilengedwe ndi thanzi la anthu.
3. Kuwonongeka kwa radioactive: zipatala zina zimatha kupanga madzi oipa okhala ndi zinthu zotulutsa ma radioactive, zomwe, ngati zitatayidwa mwachindunji popanda chithandizo, zitha kuwononga kwambiri chilengedwe ndi thanzi la anthu.
Kuti muwonetsetse kuti madzi otayira azachipatala amatha kukwaniritsa miyezo yotayira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zaukadaulo zamadzi onyansa. Zidazi zimayenera kukumana ndi kuthekera kochotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda moyenera ndikuonetsetsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mavairasi, mabakiteriya, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi zina zotero m'madzi onyansa amachotsedwa bwino. Zipangizozi ziyenera kuchotsa bwino zinthu zoopsa zomwe zili m'madzi otayidwa, monga zitsulo zolemera, chlorine, ayodini, ndi zina zotero, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi onyansa sangawononge chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu. Pamadzi otayidwa azachipatala okhala ndi zinthu zotulutsa ma radiation, zidazo ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yofananira yochizira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zotulutsa ma radiation zomwe zili m'madzi onyansa zimachotsedwa bwino kapena kuchepetsedwa kukhala otetezeka. Zipangizozi ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito yokhazikika kuti zitsimikizire kuti madzi akuwonongeka mosalekeza kwa nthawi yaitali, pamene kulephera kumayenera kusungidwa pamlingo wochepa kuti kuchepetsa ndalama zosamalira ndi kusamalira. Ili ndi ntchito monga kuwunika kwakutali, kudziwongolera komanso kuzindikira zolakwika mwanzeru, zomwe ndizosavuta kuti oyang'anira aziyang'anira ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida munthawi yeniyeni ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.
Boma lilinso ndi zofunikira zofananira pazida zochizira madzi onyansa achipatala, monga: kupanga, kupanga, kukhazikitsa, kutumiza ndi njira zina za zida zochizira madzi onyansa achipatala ziyenera kugwirizana ndi mfundo ndi mfundo zadziko zowonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito ndi abwino. zida. Zida zochizira madzi onyansa achipatala ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndikuyesedwa ndi maulamuliro a dziko kuti zitsimikizire kuti chithandizo chake chikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za dziko. Mabungwe azachipatala amayenera kuyang'anira ndikuyesa zida zoyeretsera madzi otayika nthawi zonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti zidazo zimagwira ntchito moyenera komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito.
Kusankha zida zamankhwala zochizira madzi onyansa, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuyamba kusankha wopanga, oyenerera, odziwa zambiri, amphamvu komanso kuthekera kotumikira wopanga ndizofunika kwambiri pakusankha, Liding Environmental Protection ndi mtundu wazaka khumi. wopanga m'makampani ochizira madzi otayira, chifukwa chamitundu yosiyanasiyana ali ndi chidziwitso chochuluka pakugwira ntchito, ukadaulo wa zida ndi wapamwamba, zotsatira zake ndi zabwino, kugwiritsa ntchito motsimikizika, doko la polojekiti ndikudziwa zambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-14-2024